Chapter 7- Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compoundsimages.jpeg


Key Points

  • Naming covalent compounds
  • Naming monovalent compounds
  • Naming ternary ionic compound
  • Naming bivalent ionic compounds
  • Polyatomic ions
  • Naming acids




NAMING COVALENT COMPOUNDS → contains no metals

Using a system of prefixes

1→Mono
2→Di
3→Tri
4→Tetra
5→Penta
6→Hexa
7→Hepta
8→Octa
9→Nona
10→Deca

*If there is only one of the first element skip the prefix mono and change the second elements ending to "ide".*
Examples:
H2O=dihydrogen monoxide
P4O10=tetraphosphorus decoxide




NAMING MONOVALENT IONIC COMPOUNDS

Monovalent→metal can only have one charge
Ionic→has a metal

1.) Say the name of the cation(metal)
2.)Say the name of the anion
If a single element, change endingto "-ide"

Examples:
lithium oxide=Li2O
Calcium Chloride=CaCl2




NAMING OF TERNARY IONIC COMPOUNDS

Ternary→ three or more elemonts
Ionic→a metal is present

1.)Name Cation(metal)
2.)Name anion(usually Polyatomic Ion)

tableE5.jpg

Variations of polyatomic Ions
→change in only the number of oxygens
SO4=Sulfate(original)
SO3=Sulfite(subtract one)
SO2=Hyposulfite(subtract two)
SO5=Perculfate(add one)

Examples:
Na2SO4= Sodium Sulfate
CaCo3= Calcium Carbonate




NAMING BIVALENT IONIC COMPOUNDS

1.) Name the Cation
Ferrum=Iron(2+, 3+)
Cuprum=Copper(1+, 2+)
Stannum=Tin(2+, 4+)
Plumbum=Lead(2+, 4+)
Mercury=Mercury (1+, 2+)
*Latin name indicating the lower charge*
*Charge also indicated by roman numerals*

2.)Name the Anion

-If the cation has the greater of the two possible charges it gets an "-ic" ending
-If the cation has the lesser of the two charges it get and "-ous" ending

Examples:
FeCl2=Iron(II) Chloride
FeSO4=Iron(II) Sulfate




NAMING ACIDS

Acids→always begin with "H" AND can be dissolved in H2O
→acid indicator is aqueous(aq)

Two Types

Binary Acid (HAaq)
1.) Say "Hydro"
2.)Say the anion with "-ic" ending
3.)Say "acid"

Example:
HBr(aq)=Hydrobromic acid


Ternary Acids(three elements)__

1.)Say the anion with an "-ic" ending
2.)Say Acid

Example:
H2SO4(aq)=Sulfuric Acid



PRACTICE PROBLEM

Oxygen Diflouride=

N2O3=

Potassium Sulfate=

SO3=

Tetraphosphorus Octaoxide=

LiS=

Sodium Phosphide=

MgCl2=

Magnesium Chlorate=

K2SO4=

Calcium Nitrate=

HgCo3=

Copper(I) Fluoride=

SnO=

Mercury(I) Chloride=

Na2SO3=

Calcium Hypochlorite=

Plumbic Iodide=

HCl(aq)=

Hydrofluoric Acid=

H2Co3(aq)=

Phosporic Acid=